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2. Tsunamis: The Giant Waves of the Sea
A tsunami is a series of giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor. Although they can be destructive, tsunamis are impressive and powerful natural phenomena.
How does it happen?
When there's an earthquake on the seafloor, the energy released causes the water to shift, forming giant waves that can travel at incredible speeds of up to 800 km/h. When these waves approach the coast, they grow even larger and can cause a lot of destruction!
Why is it so fascinating?
The power and force of a tsunami are impressive. Watching the giant waves form and move across the ocean is a reminder of the incredible force of nature.
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Although they cause destruction, studying tsunamis helps us better understand how the Earth works and find ways to protect ourselves.
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3. Volcanoes: The Mountains of Fire
Volcanoes are true windows into the Earth's interior. They can erupt and throw lava, ash, and gases into the air, creating spectacular and sometimes terrifying landscapes.
How does it happen?
Volcanoes form when magma (molten rock) rises to the Earth's surface. When the pressure inside the volcano becomes too high, it erupts, releasing lava and gases.
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Some volcanoes are active and erupt frequently, while others are considered dormant or extinct.
Why is it so amazing?
Watching a volcano erupt is like attending a giant fireworks display! The glowing lava and smoke can be seen from afar, and eruptions can change the landscape around the volcano in dramatic ways. Volcanoes also show us how the Earth is constantly changing and evolving.